Severe blood loss may cause black or bloody vomit or black or bloody stools. Bleeding can occur as slow blood loss that leads to anemia or as severe blood loss that may require hospitalization or a blood transfusion. Left untreated, peptic ulcers can result in: Alcohol can irritate and erode the mucous lining of your stomach, and it increases the amount of stomach acid that's produced.Īlone, these factors do not cause ulcers, but they can make ulcers worse and more difficult to heal. Smoking may increase the risk of peptic ulcers in people who are infected with H. In addition to having risks related to taking NSAIDs, you may have an increased risk of peptic ulcers if you: Taking certain other medications along with NSAIDs, such as steroids, anticoagulants, low-dose aspirin, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), alendronate (Fosamax) and risedronate (Actonel), can greatly increase the chance of developing ulcers. They do not include acetaminophen (Tylenol, others). These medications include ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others), naproxen sodium (Aleve, Anaprox DS, others), ketoprofen and others. Taking aspirin, as well as certain over-the-counter and prescription pain medications called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can irritate or inflame the lining of your stomach and small intestine.

Regular use of certain pain relievers.

It may be transmitted from person to person by close contact, such as kissing. pylori bacterium causes no problems, but it can cause inflammation of the stomach's inner layer, producing an ulcer. Helicobacter pylori bacteria commonly live in the mucous layer that covers and protects tissues that line the stomach and small intestine. But if the amount of acid is increased or the amount of mucus is decreased, you could develop an ulcer.Ī bacterium. Your digestive tract is coated with a mucous layer that normally protects against acid. The acid can create a painful open sore that may bleed.

Scientists hope to someday develop a quantum theory of gravity that would help explain the extreme conditions within a black hole.Peptic ulcers occur when acid in the digestive tract eats away at the inner surface of the stomach or small intestine. The ring and the central shadow were anticipated by Einstein’s general theory of relativity, but had not been seen until now. The colors are chosen to accentuate differences in the ring. The asymmetry of bright and dark sections of the ring are caused by the Doppler effect as the matter is coming toward Earth (brighter) or receding (dimmer). The glowing doughnut-like ring shows radiation, in the form of high-frequency radio waves, emanating from superheated material outside the black hole’s event horizon.

Anything crossing the event horizon toward the center of the black hole will be torn apart. As pictured, the dark space is about 2.5 times greater in diameter than the event horizon.Īccording to Einstein’s 1915 general theory of relativity, a black hole contains a singularity, a point of infinite density, where the known laws of physics break down. The central dark area surrounds the event horizon - the point of no return, inside of which is the “black” part of the black hole. The image was captured by the Event Horizon Telescope, a network of radio telescopes across the planet that functioned like a single instrument. The image was produced by capturing a form of radiation - high-frequency radio waves - that can pass through galactic gas and dust and the Earth’s atmosphere. “You’re basically looking at a supermassive black hole that’s almost the size of our solar system,” or 38 billion kilometers in diameter, said Sera Markoff, an astrophysicist at the University of Amsterdam.

Blackhole picture explanation